Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

6.5K
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
6.5K
Exercise and Cardiac Output01:17

Exercise and Cardiac Output

3.7K
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be...
3.7K
Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output01:19

Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output

3.4K
Cardiac Output
Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
Cardiac output adapts to metabolic demands during stress, physical activity, or illness. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via the sinoatrial node. The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart...
3.4K
Respiratory Capacities01:24

Respiratory Capacities

1.3K
Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
1.3K
Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

6.1K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
6.1K
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

630
Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
630

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Exploring physiological factors underlying individual differences in exercise-induced blood pressure responses.

Experimental physiology·2025
Same author

Time-course analysis of cerebral circulation and cardiorespiratory responses to acute central blood volume reduction in healthy young males.

Experimental physiology·2025
Same author

Effects of Short-Term Nighttime Carbohydrate Restriction Method on Exercise Performance and Fat Metabolism.

Nutrients·2024
Same author

High-intensity interval training improves respiratory and cardiovascular adjustments before and after initiation of exercise.

Frontiers in physiology·2024
Same author

Input-size dependence of the baroreflex neural arc transfer characteristics during Gaussian white noise inputs.

American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology·2023
Same author

Effects of Standing after a Meal on Glucose Metabolism and Energy Expenditure.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

A Real-World High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement
08:27

A Real-World High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement

Published on: February 22, 2022

3.0K

Low-frequency severe-intensity interval training improves cardiorespiratory functions.

Hidehiro Nakahara1, Shin-Ya Ueda, Tadayoshi Miyamoto

  • 1Graduate School of Health Sciences, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka City, JAPAN.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|August 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Severe-intensity interval training once weekly significantly enhances cardiorespiratory function and cardiac adaptations. This low-frequency training improves maximal oxygen uptake and ventricular structure, offering new insights for sports science.

More Related Videos

Short Session High Intensity Interval Training and Treadmill Assessment in Aged Mice
09:19

Short Session High Intensity Interval Training and Treadmill Assessment in Aged Mice

Published on: February 2, 2019

9.7K
Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training
07:40

Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training

Published on: October 10, 2019

6.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 25, 2026

A Real-World High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement
08:27

A Real-World High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement

Published on: February 22, 2022

3.0K
Short Session High Intensity Interval Training and Treadmill Assessment in Aged Mice
09:19

Short Session High Intensity Interval Training and Treadmill Assessment in Aged Mice

Published on: February 2, 2019

9.7K
Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training
07:40

Impact of High-intensity Interval Exercise and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on the Cardiac Troponin T Level at an Early Stage of Training

Published on: October 10, 2019

6.8K

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sports Science
  • Cardiovascular Adaptations

Background:

  • Cardiorespiratory fitness is crucial for overall health and athletic performance.
  • Interval training is a popular method for improving fitness, but optimal frequency is debated.
  • Understanding the effects of low-frequency, high-intensity training is important for exercise prescription.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of once-weekly severe-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory function at rest and during exercise.
  • To assess cardiac morphological adaptations in response to low-frequency interval training.
  • To evaluate changes in metabolic responses during submaximal exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Fourteen healthy young males were divided into interval training and control groups.
  • Cardiorespiratory function was assessed via maximal and submaximal exercise tests before and after a 3-month intervention.
  • Left ventricular adaptations were measured using echocardiography; training involved three weekly bouts of high-intensity cycling to fatigue.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements were observed in maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) and ventilatory threshold (VT).
  • Left ventricular posterior wall thickness increased, indicating cardiac hypertrophy.
  • Minute ventilation and blood lactate concentration decreased during high-intensity exercise.

Conclusions:

  • Severe-intensity interval training, even at low frequency, markedly improves cardiorespiratory function.
  • The training induced cardiac morphological adaptations, including left ventricular hypertrophy.
  • Findings suggest low-frequency, severe-intensity interval training is effective for enhancing physiological and cardiac parameters.