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Fahr syndrome unknown complication: overactive bladder.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Fahr syndrome is a rare neurological disorder characterized by abnormal calcifications in the brain.
  • Patients may present with a variety of neurological symptoms, including movement disorders and cognitive decline.
  • Urinary dysfunction, specifically detrusor overactivity, has not been widely associated with Fahr syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential link between Fahr syndrome and neurogenic detrusor overactivity.
  • To describe a case of a patient with Fahr syndrome presenting with urinary incontinence.

Main Methods:

  • A 38-year-old male patient with progressive urinary frequency and urgency was evaluated.
  • Neurological consultation was sought due to symptoms including balance disorders and cognitive changes.
  • Brain CT revealed extensive bilateral calcifications consistent with Fahr syndrome.
  • Urodynamic studies, including voiding diary, cystometry, and pressure flow study, were performed.

Main Results:

  • The patient exhibited spontaneous neurogenic detrusor overactivity without sphincter dyssynergia.
  • Urinary symptoms began approximately one year after the onset of neurological symptoms.
  • Brain CT confirmed amorphous calcifications in multiple brain regions, including the basal ganglia, thalami, and cerebellum.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that Fahr syndrome can lead to neurogenic detrusor overactivity.
  • Suprapontine inhibition and axonal pathway damage in Fahr syndrome may cause urinary incontinence.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering neurological etiologies in patients with unexplained urinary dysfunction.