Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 25, 2026
11:03
Measurement of Fatty Acid β-Oxidation in a Suspension of Freshly Isolated Mouse Hepatocytes
Published on: September 9, 2021
3.3K
Sox17 regulates insulin secretion in the normal and pathologic mouse β cell
Diva Jonatan1, Jason R Spence2, Anna M Method1
1Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America.
Plos One
|August 22, 2014
Summary
SOX17 regulates insulin secretion and trafficking. Its deletion causes prediabetes and diabetes susceptibility, while its overexpression corrects defects, suggesting therapeutic potential for diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- SOX17 is a transcriptional regulator influencing beta cell function.
- Its role in pancreatic development and insulin secretion is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of SOX17 in pancreatic development and insulin secretion.
- To explore SOX17's potential as a therapeutic target for diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Generated pancreas-specific Sox17 knockout (Sox17-paLOF) mice.
- Utilized Ins2-rtTA driver mice for Sox17 overexpression studies.
- Analyzed insulin secretion, proinsulin trafficking, and transcriptional changes.
Main Results:
- Sox17 deletion did not affect pancreas development but led to prediabetic phenotypes.
- Sox17-paLOF mice showed impaired proinsulin trafficking and increased diabetes susceptibility.
- SOX17 overexpression enhanced insulin secretion and reversed defects in MODY4 models.
Conclusions:
- SOX17 plays a critical role in regulating insulin trafficking and secretion.
- Modulating SOX17 pathways offers a potential therapeutic strategy for diabetes treatment.
Related Concept Videos
01:05Insulin Secretory Vesicles
6.2K
Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...
6.2K
01:27Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
2.8K
The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
Insulin and C-peptide are...
2.8K
01:28Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways
5.9K
Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but...
5.9K
01:16Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
7.4K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
7.4K
01:58Cell Specific Gene Expression
13.1K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
13.1K
01:25Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation
2.0K
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of pancreatic β-cells synthesizes preproinsulin, which consists of a signal peptide, A and B chains, and a C-peptide. Preproinsulin is then cleaved and folded into proinsulin, which translocates to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and packaging into secretory granules. In these granules, enzymatic clipping generates insulin and C-peptide.
Damage or functional impairment of β-cells inhibits insulin production, leading to diabetes. Diabetes treatment...
Damage or functional impairment of β-cells inhibits insulin production, leading to diabetes. Diabetes treatment...
2.0K