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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

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In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then...
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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) is a highly selective and sensitive technique for accurate elemental analysis. Though the analysis of ICP–MS mass spectra is comparatively straightforward, it is affected by spectroscopic and non-spectroscopic interferences. Spectroscopic interferences arise when the plasma contains ionic species with an m/z value the same as the analyte ion. Spectroscopic interference can be categorized as isobaric, polyatomic ions, and...
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Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
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Plasma-based ambient sampling/ionization/transmission integrated source for mass spectrometry.

Yueming Zhou1, Ning Zhang, Yafeng Li

  • 1Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. znie@iccas.ac.cn.

The Analyst
|August 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new plasma-based ambient sampling/ionization/transmission (PASIT) source significantly improves mass spectrometry sensitivity for complex samples. This novel interface enhances signal intensity over 100-fold, enabling sensitive detection in various applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Plasma Physics

Background:

  • Ambient sampling/ionization mass spectrometry faces challenges in sensitivity and interface design.
  • Existing plasma sources often lack sufficient sensitivity for complex sample analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, plasma-based, ambient sampling/ionization/transmission (PASIT) integrated source.
  • To enhance sensitivity and efficiency for analyzing complex samples using mass spectrometry.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a pin-to-funnel configuration for the PASIT source.
  • Utilizing direct-current discharge plasma interacting with a funnel sleeve for sampling and ionization.
  • Employing argon as a carrier gas for analyte transport and detection.

Main Results:

  • Achieved signal intensity enhancement of over 2 orders of magnitude compared to previous pin-to-plate plasma sources.
  • Established a surface limit of detection (LOD) of 130 fmol mm⁻² for clenbuterol.
  • Demonstrated successful direct determination of active pharmaceutical ingredients, natural plant compounds, and cholesterol from tissue sections.

Conclusions:

  • The PASIT integrated source offers a significant advancement in sensitive ambient mass spectrometry.
  • This novel interface effectively combines sampling, ionization, and transmission under atmospheric pressure.
  • The technology shows broad applicability for the direct analysis of diverse and complex samples.