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Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism

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Published on: March 27, 2012

Enhanced visual statistical learning in adults with autism.

Matthew E Roser¹, Richard N Aslin², Rebecca McKenzie³

¹School of Psychology.

Neuropsychology

|August 25, 2014

Summary

Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show enhanced observational learning of visuospatial concepts. This suggests that visual statistical learning may be a strength in ASD, potentially due to a focus on local details.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Research

Background:

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is often associated with social and language challenges.
Individuals with ASD may exhibit preserved or enhanced visuospatial processing and short-term memory (STM).
Previous research suggests potential supranormal performance in visuospatial domains for individuals with ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the observational learning of visuospatial concepts in individuals with ASD.
To examine learning from patterns of covariation across multiple visual exemplars.
To compare learning abilities in children and adults with ASD against neurotypical controls.

Main Methods:

Participants included children and adults with ASD, and age-matched neurotypical controls.
Participants were passively exposed to multishape arrays with fixed spatial arrangements.
A posttest assessed the ability to discriminate shape pairs based on covariation levels.

Main Results:

All participant groups could discriminate high-covariation shape pairs from low-covariation pairs.
Adults with ASD demonstrated superior learning of high-covariation shape pairs compared to controls.
Children with ASD showed no significant difference in performance compared to their controls.

Conclusions:

Findings extend the understanding of visuospatial strengths in ASD to the domain of learning.
Enhanced visual statistical learning may be a characteristic of ASD.
A potential bias towards attending to local details in complex visual arrays could underlie these enhancements.