Dynamics of a wellness program: a conservation of resources perspective
Sung Doo Kim1, Elaine C Hollensbe1, Catherine E Schwoerer2
1Department of Management, Lindner College of Business, University of Cincinnati.
Journal of Occupational Health Psychology
|August 25, 2014
Summary
A holistic wellness program boosts self-efficacy, creating a resource gain spiral. This enhances psychological availability and career satisfaction over time, demonstrating conservation of resources theory in practice.
Area of Science:
- Organizational Psychology
- Health Psychology
- Resource Conservation Theory
Background:
- The conservation of resources theory posits that individuals strive to obtain and maintain resources.
- Wellness programs aim to enhance employee well-being and job-related outcomes.
- Resource gain spirals suggest that resource accumulation can lead to further resource gains.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the resource gain spiral mechanism linking a holistic wellness program to long-term outcomes.
- To test if wellness self-efficacy mediates the relationship between a wellness program and psychological availability and career satisfaction.
- To provide empirical evidence for the conservation of resources theory in a field setting.
Main Methods:
- A time-lagged, control group design was employed.
- 160 participants from a 10-day off-site wellness program completed questionnaires.
- A newly developed scale measured self-efficacy in physical, spiritual, financial, and vocational wellness.
Main Results:
- Wellness self-efficacy at the end of the program positively predicted psychological availability 6 months later.
- Wellness self-efficacy also positively predicted career satisfaction 1 year later.
- Findings support the existence of resource gain spirals as proposed by conservation of resources theory.
Conclusions:
- Holistic wellness programs can foster resource gain spirals by enhancing wellness self-efficacy.
- Increased self-efficacy translates into improved psychological availability and career satisfaction.
- The study validates a key tenet of conservation of resources theory in a practical setting.
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