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Neutrophilic dermatoses: an update.

Afsaneh Alavi1, Dusan Sajic, Felipe B Cerci

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Neutrophilic dermatoses are diverse skin diseases characterized by neutrophil buildup. This review updates their clinical and histologic features to aid diagnosis and clinical practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Neutrophilic dermatoses are a diverse group of skin diseases.
  • They are characterized by a predominance of neutrophils in the inflammatory infiltrate on histopathology.
  • Diagnosis can be challenging due to overlapping features and unique clinical/histologic subtleties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an update on the clinical and histologic presentation of major neutrophilic dermatoses.
  • To develop a clinical practice guide for these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A structured literature search was conducted using PubMed, Medline, and Embase.
  • Keywords included "neutrophilic disorders", "cutaneous small vessel vasculitis", "Sweet's syndrome", "bowel associated dermatosis arthritis syndrome", "Behcet's", "palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatosis", "rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis", and "pyoderma gangrenosum".
  • Related articles were screened and included if appropriate.

Main Results:

  • Neutrophilic dermatoses present a wide spectrum of unique disorders.
  • Each entity has distinct histologic and clinical features.
  • Overlapping forms sharing features of multiple conditions are common, increasing diagnostic complexity.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of specific neutrophilic dermatoses requires careful attention to subtle clinical and histologic details.
  • A comprehensive understanding of these conditions is crucial for effective clinical management.
  • Further refinement of diagnostic criteria and clinical guidelines is warranted.