Nuclear fast red as highly sensitive "off/on" fluorescent probe for detecting guanine

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Guanine is a crucial nucleobase with significant biological roles.
• Accurate guanine quantification is vital for various diagnostic and research applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel, sensitive fluorescence method for guanine determination.
• To utilize the fluorescence enhancement of a copper(II)-nuclear fast red complex.

Main Methods:

• A fluorescence quenching method was employed using a copper(II)-nuclear fast red complex.
• Guanine addition dissociated the complex, leading to fluorescence enhancement.
• Tris-HCl buffer was used for the reaction medium.

Main Results:

• The method demonstrated a linear response for guanine concentration from 4.96 × 10⁻⁸ to 1.09 × 10⁻⁶ mol/L.
• A low limit of detection (1.9 × 10⁻⁸ mol/L) was achieved.
• Successful application to serum and DNA samples with high recovery rates (96.0%–104.8%).

Conclusions:

• The developed fluorescence method offers a sensitive and reliable approach for guanine detection.
• This method is suitable for analyzing guanine in complex biological matrices.
• The technique provides a valuable tool for biochemical and clinical research.