Relationships between Adipose Tissue and Psoriasis, with or without Arthritis

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Rheumatology
• Cardiology
• Endocrinology

Background:

• Psoriasis (Pso) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are chronic inflammatory skin and joint diseases.
• These conditions are linked to serious comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and reduced quality of life.
• Obesity is prevalent in Pso and PsA patients and is a significant risk factor for disease onset and complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review comorbidities associated with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis that elevate cardiovascular risk.
• To examine body composition alterations in patients with Pso and PsA.
• To explore the potential role of adipokines in systemic inflammation and metabolic balance in these patient populations.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, comorbidities, body composition, and adipokines.
• Analysis of anthropometric measurements and circulating adipokine levels in Pso and PsA patients.
• Synthesis of findings regarding the impact of adipose tissue on disease pathogenesis and therapeutic response.

Main Results:

• Patients with Pso and PsA exhibit disturbed body composition, including excess abdominal adiposity, contributing to metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease.
• Chronic inflammation in Pso and PsA is implicated in atherosclerosis development.
• Altered levels of adipokines such as leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, and resistin are observed in Pso and PsA patients.

Conclusions:

• Obesity and associated metabolic complications significantly increase cardiovascular risk in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
• Adipose tissue dysfunction and altered adipokine profiles may play a crucial role in the systemic inflammation and metabolic disturbances seen in Pso and PsA.
• Excess adipose tissue may negatively affect treatment response to conventional and biologic therapies in Pso and PsA.