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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 25, 2026

A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders
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A Novel in vivo Gene Transfer Technique and in vitro Cell Based Assays for the Study of Bone Loss in Musculoskeletal Disorders

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Long-term risks of bisphosphonate therapy.

Nelson B Watts1

  • 1Mercy Health Osteoporosis and Bone Health Services, Cincinnati, United States.

Arquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia
|August 29, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Bisphosphonate therapy has long-term benefits that outweigh risks, with uncommon serious side effects like osteonecrosis of the jaw. A drug holiday may mitigate risks for some patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Bone Metabolism
  • Clinical Therapeutics

Background:

  • Bisphosphonates are widely used for osteoporosis and other bone diseases.
  • Long-term safety data are crucial for guiding treatment duration.
  • Concerns exist regarding rare but serious adverse events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the long-term risks and benefits of bisphosphonate therapy.
  • To evaluate safety data from various study types.
  • To inform clinical decision-making regarding treatment duration.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of clinical trials, trial extensions, observational studies, and post-marketing reports.
  • Analysis of safety data focusing on long-term outcomes.
  • Comparison of benefits versus risks based on available evidence.

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Main Results:

  • Trial extensions did not reveal significant long-term safety issues.
  • Observational data indicate benefits are at least as numerous as risks.
  • Post-marketing reports highlight uncommon risks: osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical femur fractures, particularly after 5+ years of treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term bisphosphonate therapy generally offers more benefits than risks.
  • Osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical femur fractures are rare but serious risks, potentially increasing with longer treatment durations.
  • Drug holidays after 3-5 years can mitigate risks for lower-risk patients; extended therapy (6-10 years) is advisable for higher-risk individuals.