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[Abdominal polytrauma and parenchymal organs].

C R Krestan1

  • 1Abteilung für Allgemeine Radiologie und Kinderradiologie, Klinik für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Medizinische Universität Wien AKH, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Österreich, christian.krestan@meduniwien.ac.at.

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Summary

Radiological diagnostics are crucial for polytrauma patients. Focused assessment sonography for trauma (FAST) and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) aid in evaluating injuries to abdominal organs, guiding treatment and prognosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency medicine
  • Radiology
  • Trauma surgery

Background:

  • Acute radiological diagnostics are vital in emergency room treatment for polytrauma patients.
  • Parenchymal organ injuries significantly impact prognosis and treatment in severe trauma cases (ISS >16).
  • Complex injury patterns necessitate experienced radiological evaluation for rapid diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review radiological diagnostics and severity grading of spleen, liver, pancreas, and kidney injuries in polytrauma.
  • To discuss the role of ultrasound and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in evaluating these injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of ultrasound for polytraumatized patients.
  • Description and illustration of trauma-associated findings using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).
  • Exploration of ultrasound contrast agents and innovative MDCT protocols.

Main Results:

  • Focused assessment sonography for trauma (FAST) is a valuable screening tool.
  • Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is the primary imaging modality for severe trauma.
  • Contrast-enhanced MDCT with adapted protocols enhances diagnostic accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • FAST scanning aligns with interdisciplinary trauma team approaches.
  • MDCT findings are trauma-dependent and crucial for treatment decisions.
  • Accurate grading of parenchymal organ injuries dictates patient prognosis and management.