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Theoretical analysis of high-harmonic generation in solids.

G Vampa1, C R McDonald1, G Orlando1

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.

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We theoretically investigate high-harmonic generation (HHG) in crystals using intense mid-infrared lasers. Our findings reveal that interband HHG, often overlooked, is the dominant mechanism, offering a new understanding of HHG in solids.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid-state physics
  • Quantum optics
  • Nonlinear optics

Background:

  • High-harmonic generation (HHG) is a key process in nonlinear optics.
  • Understanding HHG mechanisms in solids is crucial for advanced light source development.
  • Previous studies have focused on intraband contributions to HHG in crystals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically investigate high-harmonic generation (HHG) in bulk crystals.
  • To explore both interband and intraband HHG mechanisms.
  • To identify the dominant HHG mechanism and its characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical investigation of HHG in bulk crystals.
  • Analysis of intense mid-infrared laser interactions with photon energies below the band gap.
  • Application of saddle point analysis in the Keldysh limit.

Main Results:

  • Interband HHG is identified as the dominant mechanism, contrary to previous assumptions.
  • Interband HHG in solids shares similarities with atomic HHG.
  • Distinct wavelength dependencies were found for interband and intraband HHG.

Conclusions:

  • Interband HHG is the primary driver of high-harmonic generation in bulk crystals under the studied conditions.
  • The differing wavelength dependencies provide an experimental signature to differentiate between interband and intraband HHG.
  • This research clarifies fundamental HHG mechanisms in solids and guides future experimental verification.