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Related Concept Videos

Timing and Consequences on Behavior01:08

Timing and Consequences on Behavior

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In operant conditioning, the timing of reinforcement is crucial. For animals like rats and cats, immediate reinforcement (within a few seconds) is much more effective than delayed reinforcement. For example, a food reward for a rat needs to follow within 30 seconds of pressing a bar to be effective. 
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

The 5-Choice Serial Reaction Time Task: A Task of Attention and Impulse Control for Rodents
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Speed accuracy trade-off under response deadlines.

Hakan Karşılar1, Patrick Simen2, Samantha Papadakis2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Koç University Istanbul, Turkey.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|September 2, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human decision-making models predict dynamic threshold adjustments for speed-accuracy trade-offs under deadlines. However, this study found participants did not adapt thresholds within trials, suggesting current decision durations are too short for such adaptation.

Keywords:
decision makingoptimalityresponse deadlinesspeed-accuracytiming uncertainty

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Decision Science

Background:

  • Perceptual decision making is often modeled as evidence accumulation to a threshold.
  • Maximizing rewards under response deadlines necessitates dynamic threshold adjustments to ensure timely responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test predictions that participants dynamically collapse decision thresholds under time pressure.
  • To investigate the influence of deadline duration and timing uncertainty on threshold collapsing strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Human participants performed a random dot motion discrimination task.
  • Experimental conditions included free-response, short (800 ms), and long (1000 ms) deadlines.
  • Response time and accuracy were analyzed in relation to deadline conditions.

Main Results:

  • Accuracy did not decline to chance levels near the deadline as predicted by optimal performance.
  • Observed accuracy declines with response time were explainable by a diffusion model with constant parameters.
  • No significant relationship was found between accuracy-RT function declines and endogenous timing uncertainty.

Conclusions:

  • Participants did not appear to dynamically adjust decision thresholds within trials under deadline conditions.
  • Findings suggest that typical decision durations may be insufficient for within-trial adaptation of decision parameters.
  • The standard diffusion model with constant parameters adequately describes the observed behavior.