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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

State-related electroencephalographic deviances in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Inez Buyck¹, Jan R Wiersema¹

¹Ghent University, Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000 Gent, Belgium.

Research in Developmental Disabilities

|September 3, 2014

Summary

Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show distinct brainwave patterns during rest. These electroencephalographic (EEG) differences vary with eye state and are influenced by comorbid conditions.

Keywords:

ADHD Alpha Arousal CD EEG reactivity Eye opening ODD State Theta

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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

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Last Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Child Psychology

Background:

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention and hyperactivity.
Electroencephalography (EEG) measures electrical activity in the brain, offering insights into neural function.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the stability and state-related characteristics of EEG deviances in children with ADHD.
To compare EEG patterns between children with ADHD and typically developing children under different resting conditions (eyes closed vs. eyes open).

Main Methods:

Resting EEG data (3 minutes) were collected from 21 children with ADHD and 29 typically developing children.
EEG data were analyzed for topographic distribution of theta, alpha, and beta power.
Alpha and theta suppression upon eye opening was assessed.

Main Results:

Children with ADHD exhibited divergent topographic distributions for theta, alpha, and beta power compared to controls.
Less alpha and theta suppression to eye opening was observed in children with ADHD, specifically those without comorbid Oppositional Defiant Disorder/Conduct Disorder (ODD/CD).

Conclusions:

ADHD is associated with consistent differences in topographic EEG distribution during rest.
State-related factors (eye openness) and comorbidity (ODD/CD) can influence resting EEG abnormalities in ADHD.
Findings support theories highlighting the role of contextual and state factors in ADHD deficits.