Three-residue turn in β-peptides nucleated by a 12/10 helix

A new three-residue turn in β peptides nucleated by a 12/10-mixed helix is presented. In this design, β peptides were derived from the 1:1 alternation of C-linked carbo-β-amino acid ester [BocNH-(R)-β-Caa(r)-OMe] (Boc=tert-butyloxycarbonyl), which consisted of a D-ribo furanoside side chain, and β-hGly residues. The hexapeptide with (R)-β-Caa(r) at the N terminus showed the 'turn' stabilized by a 14-membered NH(4)⋅⋅⋅CO(6) hydrogen bond at the C terminus nucleated by a robust 12/10-mixed helix, thus providing a 'helix-turn' (HT) motif. The turn and the helix were additionally stabilized by intraresidue electrostatic interaction between the furan oxygen in the carbohydrate side chain and NH in the backbone. However, the hexapeptide with a β-hGly residue at the N terminus demonstrated the presence of a 10/12 helix through its entire length, which again showed the intraresidue interaction between NH and furan oxygen. The intraresidue NH⋅⋅⋅O-Me electrostatic interactions observed in the monomer, however, were absent in the peptides.