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Related Concept Videos

Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

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In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
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Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

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Overview
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Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

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Chromosome Structure02:40

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A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
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Chromosome Replication02:31

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Before a cell can divide, it must accurately replicate all of its chromosomes, including the DNA and its associated histone and non-histone proteins.  This process begins at numerous origins of replication during the S phase of the cell cycle in each of a cell’s chromosomes simultaneously. Certain nucleotides can act as origins of replication, but these sequences are not well defined - especially in complex, multi-cellular, eukaryotic species. The length of DNA that spans an origin...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

G2-seq: A High Throughput Sequencing-based Technique for Identifying Late Replicating Regions of the Genome
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Best practices for mapping replication origins in eukaryotic chromosomes.

Emilie Besnard1, Romain Desprat, Michael Ryan

  • 1Laboratory of Genome Plasticity and Aging, Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS UMR5203, INSERM U661, UMI, Montpellier, France.

Current Protocols in Cell Biology
|September 3, 2014
PubMed
Summary

New genome sequencing technologies enable comprehensive DNA replication profiling, revealing insights into genomic stability and replication origins. This research advances our understanding of DNA replication dynamics across the entire genome.

Keywords:
DNA replicationbioinformaticsnext-generation sequencing (NGS)originsreplication timing

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Genomic stability relies on precise DNA replication during cell division.
  • Understanding DNA replication regulatory principles is key to deciphering genomic maintenance mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize technological and fundamental aspects of replication profiling.
  • To discuss novel insights from large-scale DNA replication data.
  • To describe whole-genome DNA replication dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Genome sequencing technologies for mapping DNA replication sites.
  • Analysis of replication patterns genome-wide.
  • Mining large datasets from the past 3 years.

Main Results:

  • Shift from single-locus to genome-wide replication pattern analysis.
  • Investigation of links between replication initiation, transcription, and chromatin.
  • Identification of potential replication origin consensus sequences.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in replication profiling offer new perspectives on genomic stability.
  • Large-scale data analysis reveals complex DNA replication dynamics.
  • Future research can leverage these methods to explore genome regulation.