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Related Concept Videos

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

868
Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
868
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

1.7K
The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
1.7K
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

1.3K
When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
1.3K
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

3.4K
The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
3.4K
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

797
Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
797
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

1.2K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.2K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Instrumentation for Real-time Enzymatic Reaction Rate Measurements by NMR
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Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Instrumentation for Real-time Enzymatic Reaction Rate Measurements by NMR

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Cross-polarization for dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization.

Michael Batel1, Alexander Däpp, Andreas Hunkeler

  • 1Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland. maer@ethz.ch.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|September 4, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) significantly enhances signal detection for low-gamma nuclei. Combining dissolution DNP with cross-polarization (CP) in the solid state reduces polarization build-up times, overcoming a key limitation.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) enhances signal detection for low-gamma nuclei in solution NMR.
  • Long polarization build-up times (often >1 hour) are a major drawback of dissolution DNP.
  • Combining dissolution DNP with solid-state cross-polarization (CP) offers a potential solution to reduce build-up times.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cross-polarization (CP) step under dissolution DNP conditions.
  • To explore methods for enhancing CP efficiency in power-limited DNP probes.
  • To analyze the implications of solid-state DNP mechanisms on DNP-CP techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized adiabatic half-passage pulses to improve CP efficiency.
  • Demonstrated frequency-swept de- and re-magnetization pulses as a low-power alternative to Hartmann-Hahn CP.
  • Applied a spin-thermodynamic model based on the thermal-mixing mechanism to analyze polarization dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Adiabatic half-passage pulses enhance CP efficiency in power-limited DNP probes.
  • Frequency-swept pulses enable polarization transfer via dipolar order as a low-power CP alternative.
  • The spin-thermodynamic model explains enhanced DNP efficiency with solvent deuteration.

Conclusions:

  • Dissolution DNP combined with CP can overcome the long build-up time limitation.
  • Advanced pulse techniques (adiabatic, frequency-swept) improve CP efficiency.
  • Spin-thermodynamic modeling provides insights into DNP-CP mechanisms and optimization.