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Aleksandra Drozd-Rzoska1, Sylwester J Rzoska1, Julio Cesar Martinez-Garcia2

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A positive nonlinear dielectric effect (NDE) in diethyl ether (DEE) is demonstrated in the supercritical domain. This study reveals unique critical phenomena near the gas-liquid critical point, challenging typical observations.

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Area of Science:

  • Dielectric phenomena
  • Critical phenomena in fluids
  • Supercritical fluids

Background:

  • Nonlinear dielectric effect (NDE) quantifies changes in dielectric permittivity under a strong electric field.
  • A negative NDE in liquid diethyl ether (DEE) is a classical observation.
  • Understanding NDE in supercritical conditions is less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the sign and behavior of NDE in DEE within the supercritical domain.
  • To characterize the critical effect of NDE near the gas-liquid critical point.
  • To analyze the lifetime of critical fluctuations using multi-frequency NDE measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Measurements of nonlinear dielectric effect (NDE) in diethyl ether (DEE).
  • Utilizing a multi-frequency measurement mode for NDE.
  • Developing a novel data analysis approach for critical effect characterization.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that a positive NDE is achievable in DEE in the supercritical domain.
  • Observed a unique critical effect in NDE approaching the gas-liquid critical point with specific critical exponents (ψ ≈ 0.4 near T(C), ψ ≈ 0.6 remote from T(C)).
  • Estimated the evolution of critical fluctuation lifetime and described the critical effect without prior knowledge of non-critical background.

Conclusions:

  • The sign of NDE in DEE can be positive in the supercritical region.
  • The critical behavior of NDE near the gas-liquid critical point suggests a shift towards mean-field behavior.
  • The study provides new insights into critical phenomena and fluctuation dynamics in supercritical fluids.