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Temporal ecology in the Anthropocene.

E M Wolkovich1, B I Cook, K K McLauchlan

  • 1Arnold Arboretum, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Ecology Letters
|September 10, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ecological research needs a temporal ecology framework, mirroring spatial ecology, to address climate change impacts. This will improve predictions of environmental threats and conservation opportunities for species and ecosystems.

Keywords:
Autocorrelationclimate changeecological forecastingeventsnon-stationarityscalingspatial ecologytemporal ecology

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • Climate Change Research

Background:

  • Spatial ecology has advanced ecological understanding of habitat fragmentation over 30 years.
  • Accelerating climate change necessitates a similar framework for temporal ecology.
  • Climate change creates non-stationary environments, challenging ecological assumptions and models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a framework for temporal ecology analogous to spatial ecology.
  • To develop improved ecological models and forecasts for temporal dynamics.
  • To guide new theories, methods, and data collection for understanding ecological time.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of spatial and temporal ecological principles.
  • Identifying similarities (e.g., scaling) and unique attributes of time (e.g., events, directionality).
  • Integrating concepts to build predictive frameworks.

Main Results:

  • Similarities between space and time offer a basis for improving temporal ecological models.
  • Unique attributes of time highlight areas needing novel ecological approaches.
  • A renewed focus on time can unify concepts and drive methodological advancements.

Conclusions:

  • Developing temporal ecology is crucial for predicting climate change impacts.
  • Uniting spatial and temporal ecological frameworks will enhance forecasts of environmental threats.
  • This integration will identify key conservation opportunities and challenges for biodiversity.