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Chitosan-modified carbon nanotubes-based platform for low-density lipoprotein detection.

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  • 1Department of Science and Technology Centre on Biomolecular Electronics, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India.

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Summary

A novel immunosensor using carbon nanotubes and chitosan composite detects low-density lipoprotein (LDL). This electrochemical biosensor offers high sensitivity and stability for LDL quantification.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a key biomarker for cardiovascular disease risk.
  • Accurate and sensitive detection of LDL is crucial for early diagnosis and management.
  • Existing LDL detection methods can be complex and time-consuming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel immunosensor for sensitive and quantitative detection of LDL.
  • To utilize a carbon nanotube-chitosan (CNT-CH) composite for enhanced sensor performance.
  • To investigate the electrochemical impedance properties of the fabricated immunosensor.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an immunosensor using CNT-CH composite on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode.
  • Covalent immobilization of anti-apolipoprotein B (AAB) antibody onto the CNT-CH surface.
  • Characterization of biofunctionalization using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
  • Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) for performance evaluation.

Main Results:

  • The AAB/CNT-CH/ITO electrode demonstrated stable and reproducible biofunctionalization.
  • The immunosensor exhibited high sensitivity (0.953 Ω/(mg/dL)/cm²) and a low detection limit (12.5 mg/dL) for LDL.
  • A high affinity for LDL molecules was observed, indicated by a low association constant.
  • Quantitative estimation of LDL concentration was achieved with distinct impedance signal variations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed CNT-CH based immunosensor provides a sensitive and reliable platform for LDL detection.
  • The co-entrapment method and covalent antibody functionalization enhance sensor stability and performance.
  • This electrochemical immunosensor holds potential for clinical applications in cardiovascular risk assessment.