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Related Concept Videos

Epithelial Tissues and Their Functions01:23

Epithelial Tissues and Their Functions

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Epithelial tissues are large sheets of cells covering all of the surfaces of the body. These surfaces can be internal or external, for example, skin, airways, the digestive tract, the urinary system, and the reproductive system. Hollow organs and body cavities that do not connect to the body's exterior, including blood vessels and serous membranes, are lined by epithelial tissue known as the endothelium.
Epithelial tissues provide the body's first line of protection from physical,...
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Homeostatic Imbalance01:10

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Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment within the body, which is crucial for the proper functioning of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. The body has various control mechanisms that work together to regulate various physiological parameters such as temperature, blood pressure, pH balance, and fluid balance, to name a few. These control mechanisms are based on feedback loops that can be either positive or negative.
However, sometimes these feedback loops fail,...
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What is Homeostasis?01:16

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Maintaining homeostasis requires that the body continuously maintain its internal conditions. Each physiological condition has a particular set point, from body temperature to blood pressure to levels of certain nutrients. A set point is the physiological value around which the normal range fluctuates. A normal range is a restricted set of values that is optimally healthful and stable. For example, the set point for normal human body temperature is approximately 37°C (98.6°F).
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Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Glandular Epithelium01:20

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The glandular epithelium is made of one or more epithelial cells modified to synthesize and secrete chemical substances. Glandular epithelia can be classified based on cell number. Unicellular glands have individual secretory cells scattered across the epithelial monolayer. In contrast, multicellular glands consist of a hollow tubular duct attached to the cluster of secretory cells located in the deep pockets.
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Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Simple Epithelium01:30

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Simple epithelium consists of a single layer of cells that lines body cavities and blood vessels. The shape of the cells in the epithelium reflects the function of the tissue. Cells in simple squamous epithelium appear as thin scales with flat, elliptical nuclei that mirror the form of the cell.
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Transcellular Transport of Solutes01:23

Transcellular Transport of Solutes

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Transcellular transport of solutes is the movement of substances like monosaccharides and amino acids through polarized cells. This transport mechanism is primarily seen in epithelial and endothelial cells aided by membrane transport proteins such as channels and transporters. The tight junctions between these cells confine the membrane proteins to the two sides of the cell. The epithelial cells have distinct apical and basolateral domains. In contrast, the endothelial cells show the luminal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Characterizing Epithelial Wound Healing In Vivo Using the Cnidarian Model Organism Clytia hemisphaerica
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Epithelial homeostasis.

Ian G Macara1, Richard Guyer1, Graham Richardson1

  • 1Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.

Current Biology : CB
|September 10, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epithelial cells maintain tissue integrity through dynamic cell-cell junctions and adaptive mechanisms. This review explores how these processes, including cell competition and extrusion, are vital for health and often disrupted in disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Epithelia serve as dynamic barriers, crucial for organismal homeostasis.
  • Intercellular junctions (cadherin-based adhesions, tight junctions) regulate barrier function and respond to mechanical cues.
  • Epithelial integrity is vital for survival and maintained through sophisticated cellular mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse mechanisms that maintain epithelial integrity and homeostasis.
  • To discuss how these mechanisms are altered or subverted in disease states.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cellular and molecular mechanisms governing epithelial dynamics.
  • Analysis of cell competition, extrusion, spindle orientation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
  • Examination of disease-related disruptions in epithelial homeostasis.

Main Results:

  • Epithelial integrity relies on adaptive cell-cell adhesions and tight junctions.
  • Mechanisms like cell competition, extrusion, and controlled growth ensure tissue homeostasis.
  • Dysregulation of these processes contributes to various diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Epithelial cells employ multiple sophisticated mechanisms to maintain barrier function and tissue homeostasis.
  • Understanding these adaptive strategies is key to comprehending disease pathogenesis.
  • Further research into these mechanisms may reveal therapeutic targets for epithelial-related diseases.