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Updated: Apr 24, 2026

Quantitative Analysis of Vacuum Induction Melting by Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Published on: June 10, 2019
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for 24/7 automatic liquid slag analysis at a steel works
Volker Sturm1, Rüdiger Fleige, Martinus de Kanter
1Fraunhofer-Institut für Lasertechnik ILT , Steinbachstrasse 15, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Abstract:
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is applied for the inline analysis of liquid slag at a steel works. The slag in the ladle of a slag transporter is measured at a distance of several meters during a short stop of the transporter. The slag surface with temperatures from ≈600 to ≈1400 °C consists of liquid slag and solidified slag parts. Automatic measurements at varying filling levels of the ladle are realized, and the duration amounts to 2 min including data transmission to the host computer. Analytical results of the major components such as CaO, Fe, SiO2, MgO, Mn, and Al2O3 are compared with reference values from the steel works laboratory for solid pressed slag samples as well as for samples from the liquid slag. Stable 24/7 operation during the first three-month test run was achieved.
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