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Related Concept Videos

Encephalitis l: Introduction01:19

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Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
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Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
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Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Marmosets.

S Anwar Jagessar1, Karin Dijkman, Jordon Dunham

  • 1Department of Immunobiology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, 3306, 2280 GH, Rijswijk, The Netherlands, jagessar@bprc.nl.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|September 12, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in marmosets is a key model for multiple sclerosis (MS) research. This chapter details EAE induction and immunological methods for studying MS pathogenesis and drug efficacy.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Primate models of human disease
  • Autoimmune disorders

Background:

  • Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in common marmosets is a validated animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • This model serves dual purposes: exploring MS pathogenesis and evaluating novel therapeutic agents.
  • Marmosets offer a relevant small-primate model for translational neuroscience research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive methodology for inducing EAE in marmosets.
  • To outline essential immunological techniques for analyzing EAE in this primate model.
  • To support research into MS mechanisms and drug development using marmoset EAE.

Main Methods:

  • Induction of EAE in common marmosets.
  • Isolation of mononuclear cells (MNC) from peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues.
  • Assessing T cell proliferation (thymidine incorporation), MNC phenotyping (flow cytometry), antibody levels (ELISA), and cytotoxic T cell activity.
  • Generation of antigen-specific T cell and B cell lines.

Main Results:

  • The chapter describes a reproducible method for EAE induction in marmosets.
  • Detailed protocols for key immunological assays relevant to EAE are presented.
  • The described methods enable comprehensive analysis of immune responses in marmoset EAE.

Conclusions:

  • The marmoset EAE model provides a valuable platform for MS research.
  • The outlined immunological techniques are crucial for dissecting disease mechanisms and testing interventions.
  • This chapter serves as a practical guide for researchers utilizing marmoset EAE for MS studies.