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Mortality in meningococcal infections.

B M Andersen

    Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Meningococcal infections saw increased high-risk patients and mortality over time. Sulfonamide-resistant bacteria correlated with higher risk, suggesting combination therapy improved outcomes in older patients.

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    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Microbiology
    • Clinical Medicine

    Background:

    • Meningococcal infections, including meningitis and septicemia, present significant mortality risks.
    • Treatment strategies and patient risk factors for meningococcal disease evolved between 1966 and 1976.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze trends in meningococcal infections, patient risk factors, and treatment outcomes over a decade.
    • To evaluate the impact of sulfonamide resistance on disease severity and therapeutic efficacy.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 124 patients diagnosed with meningococcal infections from 1966-1976.
    • Categorization of patients based on prognostically unfavorable characteristics and bacterial sulfonamide resistance.
    • Comparison of treatment regimens, including benzylpenicillin monotherapy versus combination therapy (benzylpenicillin, sulfaisodimidine, chloramphenicol) and ampicillin.

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    Main Results:

    • Meningitis fatality rate was 7.4%, and septicemia fatality rate was 18.8%.
    • High-risk patients increased from 3.5% to 15.6%, with total mortality rising from 3.6% to 10.4%.
    • Low blood pressure was the most unfavorable prognostic factor. Sulfonamide-resistant meningococci were associated with a higher prevalence of high-risk patients (25.7% vs. 11.9%). Combination therapy showed better outcomes than benzylpenicillin alone in patients over 10 years with resistant strains.

    Conclusions:

    • Meningococcal disease epidemiology and patient risk profiles shifted during the study period.
    • Sulfonamide resistance in meningococci poses a significant challenge, increasing disease severity.
    • Combination antibiotic therapy demonstrated potential benefits over monotherapy for specific patient groups with sulfonamide-resistant meningococcal infections.