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Transcript and metabolite alterations increase ganoderic acid content in Ganoderma lucidum using acetic acid as an
Ang Ren1, Xiong-Biao Li, Zhi-Gang Miao
1Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Microbiology Department, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Acetic acid significantly boosts ganoderic acid (GA) production in Ganoderma lucidum by 105%. This study reveals acetic acid enhances GA biosynthesis pathways and intermediate metabolite levels for increased accumulation.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Biochemistry
- Metabolic Engineering
Background:
- Ganoderma lucidum produces ganoderic acids (GAs), valuable bioactive compounds.
- Optimizing GA production is crucial for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of acetic acid on GA accumulation in Ganoderma lucidum.
- To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying acetic acid-induced GA biosynthesis.
Main Methods:
- Response surface methodology was employed to optimize acetic acid concentration for GA production.
- Gene transcription levels and intermediate metabolite concentrations were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Acetic acid (5-8 mM) increased GA content by 105% to 5.5 mg/100 mg dry weight.
- Intermediate metabolites lanosterol and squalene increased significantly.
- Acetic acid upregulated key genes (sqs, lano, hmgs, cyp51) in the GA biosynthesis pathway.
Conclusions:
- Acetic acid enhances GA accumulation in Ganoderma lucidum.
- The mechanism involves altered gene expression in GA biosynthesis and acetic acid assimilation pathways.
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