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MicroRNA polymorphisms as markers of risk, prognosis and treatment response in hematological malignancies

Agnieszka Dzikiewicz-Krawczyk1

  • 1Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 32, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology
|September 14, 2014
PubMed

Insights

Genetic variations called microRNA regulatory pathway single nucleotide polymorphisms (miRSNPs) can disrupt microRNA networks in blood cancers. Understanding miRSNPs offers new insights into disease risk, prognosis, and treatment for hematological malignancies.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation is prevalent in hematological malignancies.
  • Beyond genomic and epigenetic changes, miRNA networks can be altered by polymorphisms in their regulatory pathways (miRSNPs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the different categories of miRSNPs.
  • To discuss the role of miRSNPs in disease risk, prognosis, and treatment response in hematological cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on miRSNPs and their impact on miRNA regulation.
  • Categorization of miRSNPs into three main groups: those in miRNA biogenesis/processing genes, miRNA genes, and miRNA binding sites.
  • Discussion of the clinical implications of these polymorphisms.

Main Results:

  • Identified three key categories of miRSNPs: (1) SNPs in miRNA biogenesis/processing genes, (2) SNPs in miRNA genes, and (3) SNPs in miRNA binding sites of target genes.
  • Highlighted the potential of miRSNPs as biomarkers for disease risk, prognosis, and treatment response in hematological cancers.
  • Emphasized that research in this area is still in its early stages but has already provided insights into miRNA dysregulation mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Polymorphisms in miRNA regulatory pathways (miRSNPs) represent a significant factor in the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies.
  • miRSNPs offer potential as novel biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes and guiding therapeutic strategies in blood cancers.
  • Further research into miRSNPs is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of miRNA dysregulation and for advancing the management of hematological malignancies.
Keywords:
DiagnosisHematological malignanciesMiRSNPMicroRNAPolymorphismPrognosisTreatment response

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