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Related Concept Videos

Multimachine Stability01:25

Multimachine Stability

677
Multimachine stability analysis is crucial for understanding the dynamics and stability of power systems with multiple synchronous machines. The objective is to solve the swing equations for a network of M machines connected to an N-bus power system.
In analyzing the system, the nodal equations represent the relationship between bus voltages, machine voltages, and machine currents. The nodal equation is given by:
677
Line Protection with Impedance Relays01:27

Line Protection with Impedance Relays

543
Coordinating time-delay overcurrent relays in complex radial systems and directional overcurrent relays in multi-source transmission loops can be challenging. Impedance relays address these issues by responding to the voltage-to-current ratio, specifically measuring the apparent impedance of a line. These relays become more sensitive during faults as current increases and voltage decreases, thereby reducing the apparent impedance.
Under normal conditions, low load currents keep the measured...
543
Zones of Protection01:16

Zones of Protection

982
In power systems, the entire setup is divided into protective zones to isolate faults and protect the rest of the network. These zones include generators, transformers, buses, transmission lines, distribution lines, and motors. Each zone can be visualized as a separate room in a house, with each room protected by its own circuit breaker.
Protective zones are defined by closed dashed lines, containing one or more components. A key characteristic of these zones is the strategic placement of...
982
Distribution Reliability and Automation01:25

Distribution Reliability and Automation

678
Distribution reliability in electrical power systems is critical for ensuring an uninterrupted power supply to consumers at minimal cost. According to IEEE Standard Terms, reliability is the probability that a device will function without failure over a specified time period or amount of usage. For electric power distribution, this translates to maintaining continuous power supply and addressing customer concerns over power outages. Several indices, as defined by IEEE Standard 1366-2012, are...
678
Fault Types01:18

Fault Types

593
When analyzing a single line-to-ground fault from phase A to ground at a three-phase bus, it is important to consider the fault impedance. This impedance is zero for a bolted fault, equal to the arc impedance for an arcing fault, and represents the total fault impedance for a transmission-line insulator flashover. To derive sequence and phase currents, fault conditions are translated from the phase domain to the sequence domain.
For line-to-line faults occurring between phases B and C, the...
593
Bus Impedance Matrix01:24

Bus Impedance Matrix

617
Calculating subtransient fault currents for three-phase faults in an N-bus power system involves using the positive-sequence network. When a three-phase short circuit occurs at a specific bus, the analysis uses the superposition method to evaluate two separate circuits.
In the first circuit, all machine voltage sources are short-circuited, leaving only the prefault voltage source at the fault location. The positive-sequence bus impedance matrix can be determined by solving the nodal equations,...
617

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator
06:45

Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator

Published on: October 28, 2022

1.7K

Distributed fault detection and isolation resilient to network model uncertainties.

Andre Teixeira, Iman Shames, Henrik Sandberg

    IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics
    |September 16, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a distributed fault detection and isolation (FDI) scheme for networked systems. The method ensures resilient state awareness despite model uncertainties and external changes, enhancing system reliability.

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

    Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator
    06:45

    Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator

    Published on: October 28, 2022

    1.7K

    Area of Science:

    • Control Systems Engineering
    • Networked Systems Analysis
    • Fault Tolerance

    Background:

    • Resilient control systems require maintaining state awareness amidst unexpected errors and threats.
    • Large networked systems with uncertain models present significant challenges for fault detection and isolation (FDI).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a distributed fault detection and isolation (FDI) scheme for large networked systems with uncertain models.
    • To enhance the resilience of FDI methods against model uncertainties and external system changes.

    Main Methods:

    • Propose a distributed scheme for joint fault detection and isolation in both subsystems (nodes) and interconnections (edges).
    • Analyze scheme behavior under model uncertainties arising from dynamic network topology (edge addition/removal).
    • Develop a novel distributed FDI scheme utilizing local models and measurements resilient to external changes.

    Main Results:

    • A distributed FDI scheme capable of detecting and isolating faults in nodes and edges of networked systems.
    • Demonstrated resilience of the FDI scheme to model uncertainties and dynamic network changes.
    • Achieved complexity reduction by identifying minimal information requirements and reducing monitoring nodes.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed methods enable a scalable and resilient distributed FDI architecture.
    • The architecture achieves local FDI even with unknown external system modifications.
    • Validated through numerical experiments on the IEEE 118-bus power network.