Recent advances on capillary columns, detectors, and two-dimensional separations in capillary electrochromatography

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Separation Science

Background:

• Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) is a miniaturized analytical technique known for its efficiency, selectivity, and speed.
• CEC offers advantages such as low sample and solvent consumption.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the developments in capillary columns and detection techniques for CEC since 2009.
• To highlight advancements in open-tubular, monolithic, and packed capillary columns.
• To discuss various detector types and 2D separation systems in CEC.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of CEC advancements from 2009 onwards.
• Detailed examination of different capillary column types (open-tubular, monolithic, packed).
• Analysis of various detection techniques employed in CEC.

Main Results:

• Significant progress has been made in CEC column technology and detection methods.
• Open-tubular, monolithic, and packed columns have seen further development and application.
• Diverse detector types have been integrated with CEC systems.
• Two-dimensional (2D) separation systems based on CEC have been reported.

Conclusions:

• CEC continues to evolve as a powerful analytical tool.
• Recent developments enhance CEC's capabilities for complex separations.
• The integration of advanced columns, detectors, and 2D systems broadens CEC's applicability.