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Mapping the methodologies of Burkitt lymphoma
1Department of Science and Technology Studies, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
|September 17, 2014
Summary
This study reveals that small-scale scientific research, using geographical mapping and existing disease infrastructure, significantly advanced cancer virus understanding, particularly for Burkitt lymphoma. This "small science" offers a new perspective on mid-20th century biomedical research.
Area of Science:
- History of Science
- Medical Research
- Oncology
Background:
- Mid-20th century cancer virus research is often characterized as large-scale, systematic 'big science'.
- Existing historical accounts may overlook alternative research models.
- Understanding the development of cancer virology requires examining diverse research scales.
Observation:
- The study examines Burkitt lymphoma research in 1960s Africa.
- Distinctive practices included geographical mapping and repurposing disease infrastructure.
- This research contrasts with typical US-based 'big science' cancer virus studies.
Findings:
- A unique form of 'small science' research emerged, distinct from 'big science' and Derek Price's 'little science'.
- Geographical mapping and leveraging existing infrastructure were key to this research's success.
- This approach significantly contributed to understanding cancer virus etiology.
Implications:
- The concept of 'small science' provides a valuable framework for analyzing historical biomedical research.
- This perspective offers a more pluralistic understanding of 20th-century medical research.
- Recognizing 'small science' can inform current strategies for infectious disease research and control.
