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Updated: Apr 23, 2026
06:43
A Novel In Vitro Live-imaging Assay of Astrocyte-mediated Phagocytosis Using pH Indicator-conjugated Synaptosomes
Published on: February 5, 2018
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Astrocytic adenosine: from synapses to psychiatric disorders
Dustin J Hines1, Philip G Haydon2
1Department of Neuroscience, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA dustin.hines@tufts.edu.
Summary
Astrocytes, a type of glial cell, actively participate in brain signaling. Their release of molecules like ATP influences synaptic transmission, impacting functions such as respiration and sleep-wake cycles.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cell Biology
Background:
- The brain comprises neuronal and glial cells; glia support neurons.
- Astrocytes, a glial cell type, were once considered passive but now known to engage in signaling.
- They release various molecules, including ATP, D-serine, and TNF-α.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the active role of astrocytes in neural communication.
- To underscore the significance of astrocytic signaling in synaptic transmission and organismal functions.
- To explore potential therapeutic targets related to astrocyte signaling in psychiatric disorders.
Main Methods:
- Utilized novel molecular and genetic tools.
- Investigated astrocytic release of signaling molecules.
- Examined the impact of astrocytic signaling on synaptic transmission.
Main Results:
- Astrocytes release signaling molecules like ATP, D-serine, and TNF-α.
- Astrocytic ATP release significantly impacts synaptic transmission.
- Astrocytes regulate complex network signaling affecting respiration and sleep-wake cycles.
Conclusions:
- Astrocytes are dynamic participants in neural signaling, not just support cells.
- Astrocytic signaling mechanisms are crucial for regulating fundamental physiological processes.
- Targeting astrocyte signaling pathways offers potential for novel therapeutic interventions in neurological and psychiatric conditions.
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