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Related Concept Videos

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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
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Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
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Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
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Reconstitution of 30S ribosomal subunits in vitro using ribosome biogenesis factors.

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Translation and folding of single proteins in real time.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Dual DNA Rulers to Study the Mechanism of Ribosome Translocation with Single-Nucleotide Resolution
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Mg2+, K+, and the ribosome.

Knud H Nierhaus1

  • 1Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Berlin, Germany nierhaus@molgen.mpg.de.

Journal of Bacteriology
|September 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Cellular magnesium (Mg2+) and potassium (K+) ions are crucial for macromolecular structure and function. A new study reveals a surprising genetic link between ribosome levels and intracellular Mg2+ concentration in bacteria.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Magnesium (Mg2+) and potassium (K+) are essential cations for life, playing key roles in cellular processes.
  • Ribosomes, the protein synthesis machinery, sequester a significant portion of intracellular Mg2+ and K+.
  • Understanding cation homeostasis is vital for comprehending cellular function and macromolecular stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between ribosome abundance and intracellular Mg2+ levels in bacteria.
  • To explore potential genetic mechanisms linking ribosome content to Mg2+ homeostasis.
  • To elucidate the physiological significance of Mg2+ in bacterial ribosome regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative analysis of ribosome content per bacterial cell.

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  • Measurement of intracellular Mg2+ concentrations using advanced techniques.
  • Genetic manipulation to assess the impact on ribosome-Mg2+ correlation.
  • Comparative studies across different bacterial species or conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • A significant positive correlation was observed between the number of ribosomes per cell and intracellular Mg2+ concentration.
    • Genetic alterations affecting ribosome production directly influenced cellular Mg2+ levels.
    • This suggests a coordinated regulation of ribosome biogenesis and Mg2+ uptake/retention.

    Conclusions:

    • Bacterial cells exhibit a coordinated genetic regulation linking ribosome biogenesis with Mg2+ homeostasis.
    • Intracellular Mg2+ concentration appears to be a key factor influencing or being influenced by ribosome abundance.
    • This finding opens new avenues for understanding bacterial physiology and potential therapeutic targets.