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Hyperandrogenism after menopause.

Marios C Markopoulos1, Evanthia Kassi1, Krystallenia I Alexandraki1

  • 1Endocrinology and Metabolism UnitAretaieion University Hospital, Vasilisis Sofias 76, 11528 Athens, GreeceDepartment of BiochemistryDepartment of PathophysiologyLaikon Hospital, National University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, 11527 Athens, Greece.

European Journal of Endocrinology
|September 17, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Postmenopausal hyperandrogenism, a condition of excess androgens, requires careful evaluation to rule out tumors. This review clarifies diagnostic approaches and potential long-term health impacts for aging women.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Postmenopausal hyperandrogenism involves androgen excess from adrenal or ovarian sources.
  • Clinical signs include increased terminal hair growth and virilization.
  • Urgent evaluation is needed to exclude rare, life-threatening tumors, especially adrenal androgen-secreting ones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the etiology and pathophysiology of androgen excess in postmenopausal women.
  • To explore diagnostic strategies, including clinical features, hormonal levels, and imaging.
  • To identify potential long-term health consequences of non-tumorous hyperandrogenism.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on postmenopausal hyperandrogenism.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and challenges.
  • Discussion of clinical manifestations and pathophysiology.

Main Results:

  • No current consensus exists on definitive diagnostic indices or imaging for hyperandrogenism.
  • Increasing aging population likely to see more cases.
  • Long-term cardiovascular risks of non-tumorous hyperandrogenism are not fully understood.

Conclusions:

  • Differential diagnosis of postmenopausal hyperandrogenism requires clarity on clinical, hormonal, and imaging factors.
  • Further research is needed on the long-term sequelae, particularly cardiovascular risks.
  • Standardized diagnostic approaches are essential given the rising prevalence in aging women.