Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

9
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
9
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

581
Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
581
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

25
Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
25
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

2.2K
The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
2.2K
Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology

19
The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...
19
Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction01:27

Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction

20
Degenerative disc disease is a chronic condition in which intervertebral discs gradually lose structure and function. It is not infectious or autoimmune; rather, it results from age-related biochemical and mechanical changes, influenced by genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors.Structure and Function of DiscsThe spine contains 23 intervertebral discs that absorb load, distribute forces, maintain spacing, and allow flexibility. Each disc consists of a nucleus pulposus, a gel-like core...
20

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Shunt-related cerebrospinal fluid overdrainage - a multicentre consensus definition.

Acta neurochirurgica·2026
Same author

The ASPECT hydrocephalus system: investigating clinical applicability and system utility.

Acta neurochirurgica·2024
Same author

Preoperative word-finding difficulties in children with posterior fossa tumours: a European cross-sectional study.

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·2023
Same author

Postoperative speech impairment and cranial nerve deficits after secondary surgery of posterior fossa tumours in childhood: a prospective European multicentre study.

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·2022
Same author

Presence of streptococci and frequent tonsillitis among adolescents with psoriasis.

The British journal of dermatology·2020
Same author

Clinical characteristics including cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in adolescents with psoriasis.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Author Spotlight: Genetically Engineered Mouse Models and Pathological Characterization of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Associated Tumors
08:57

Author Spotlight: Genetically Engineered Mouse Models and Pathological Characterization of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Associated Tumors

Published on: May 17, 2024

3.1K

Syringomyelia: a practical, clinical concept for classification.

C Blegvad1, J A Grotenhuis, M Juhler

  • 1University Clinic of Neurosurgery 2092, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark, christoffer.blegvad@gmail.com.

Acta Neurochirurgica
|September 20, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Syringomyelia and hydromyelia classifications are inconsistent. A new ICD classification is proposed, using syringomyelia as the sole term, divided into five subgroups based on pathology for improved diagnostics and treatment guidance.

More Related Videos

Clinical Testing and Spinal Cord Removal in a Mouse Model for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS
12:35

Clinical Testing and Spinal Cord Removal in a Mouse Model for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS

Published on: March 17, 2012

27.9K
Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
06:40

Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies

Published on: January 11, 2019

11.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Author Spotlight: Genetically Engineered Mouse Models and Pathological Characterization of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Associated Tumors
08:57

Author Spotlight: Genetically Engineered Mouse Models and Pathological Characterization of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Associated Tumors

Published on: May 17, 2024

3.1K
Clinical Testing and Spinal Cord Removal in a Mouse Model for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS
12:35

Clinical Testing and Spinal Cord Removal in a Mouse Model for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS

Published on: March 17, 2012

27.9K
Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
06:40

Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies

Published on: January 11, 2019

11.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pathology
  • Medical Classification Systems

Background:

  • Current classification of syringomyelia and hydromyelia lacks consensus.
  • Inconsistent terminology extends to ICD-10 codes G95.0 (syringomyelia) and Q06.4 (hydromyelia).
  • Existing classifications fail to provide a universal link between pathogenesis, diagnostics, and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new, unifying classification concept for syringomyelia.
  • To incorporate diagnostics and treatment strategies into the proposed classification.
  • To address the inconsistencies in current syringomyelia and hydromyelia terminology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review using PubMed for pathogenetic theories of syringomyelia.
  • Analysis of illustrative clinical cases and similar literature cases.
  • Focus on reviewing classification and terminology used in syringomyelia research.

Main Results:

  • Syringomyelia (G95.0) and hydromyelia (Q06.4) are inconsistently applied as independent ICD-10 entities.
  • Terminology for fluid-filled spinal cord cavities is indiscriminate.
  • Current classification does not effectively link pathogenetic mechanisms to treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Propose a new causal ICD classification concept using only syringomyelia (G95.0).
  • Abandon the term hydromyelia (Q06.4) in favor of a unified classification.
  • Divide syringomyelia into five subgroups based on associated pathologies, guiding diagnostics and treatment.