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Viral Recombination

Viral Recombination

Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...

Recombinant DNA

Recombinant DNA

Recombinant DNA

Recombinant DNA

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...

Homologous Recombination

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors

Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors

Published on: January 8, 2015

Recombineering linear BACs.

Qingwen Chen¹, Kumaran Narayanan

¹School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|September 21, 2014

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Recombineering enables stable, linear bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) with hairpin telomeres. This genetic engineering method allows for precise DNA modification and stable replication of linear BACs in E. coli.

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Last Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors

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Published on: January 8, 2015

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The MultiBac Protein Complex Production Platform at the EMBL

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Published on: July 11, 2013

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetic Engineering
Microbiology

Background:

Recombineering is a homologous recombination technique for precise DNA modification.
Linear bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) offer advantages for genomic applications.
Existing methods for generating linear BACs can be inefficient or unstable.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and describe protocols for generating stable, linear BACs using recombineering.
To demonstrate the utility of phage N15 telomeric sequences for creating hairpin telomeres.
To provide a method for stable replication and maintenance of linear BACs in E. coli.

Main Methods:

Insertion of N15 telomeric sequences into circular BACs via recombineering.
Linearization of BACs in vivo using phage protelomerase.
Extraction and verification of linear BACs with hairpin telomeres using molecular techniques.

Main Results:

Successful generation of linear BACs with stable hairpin telomeres.
Demonstrated protection of linear BACs against exonuclease degradation in vitro and in vivo.
Stable replication of linear BACs in E. coli host cells.

Conclusions:

Recombineering provides an efficient method for creating stable linear BACs.
Linear BACs with hairpin telomeres are suitable for various genetic engineering applications.
This technique facilitates functional expression, viral genome maintenance, and artificial chromosome construction.