Molecular oncology testing in resource-limited settings.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Infectious Diseases
• Molecular Diagnostics
• Global Health

Background:

• High cancer prevalence and mortality in developing nations are exacerbated by inadequate cancer control resources.
• A significant proportion of cancers in resource-limited settings are linked to infections, presenting an opportunity for molecular diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the potential of molecular assays in resource-limited settings for cancer risk identification, classification, therapy prediction, and monitoring.
• To highlight the role of detecting pathogen genomes and human gene variants in managing infection-related cancers.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing molecular assays to detect pathogen genomes (e.g., human papillomavirus, Helicobacter pylori, Epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis B/C virus) and human gene variants.
• Developing user-friendly, cost-effective, and rapid molecular diagnostic devices.
• Integrating novel electrochemical technology, well-designed interfaces, and telemedicine for accessibility and consultation.

Main Results:

• Molecular assays can identify individuals at high risk for cancer progression and aid in lesion classification.
• These tests can predict effective therapies and monitor tumor burden, particularly for infection-related cancers.
• Technological advancements are addressing barriers such as workforce, infrastructure, and funding for molecular testing services.

Conclusions:

• Molecular technology offers a promising solution to bridge healthcare gaps in resource-poor areas through accessible and rapid diagnostics.
• The combination of advanced technology and telemedicine can enhance cancer care delivery and patient engagement, even in remote regions.
• Focus on user-friendly, cost-effective devices tailored to clinical priorities is crucial for widespread adoption and improved cancer control.