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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

3.0K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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Genome-wide Analysis of HDAC Inhibitor-mediated Modulation of microRNAs and mRNAs in B Cells Induced to Undergo Class-switch DNA Recombination and Plasma Cell Differentiation
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MicroRNAs affect dendritic cell function and phenotype.

Lesley A Smyth1, Dominic A Boardman, Sim L Tung

  • 1MRC Centre for Transplantation, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.

Immunology
|September 23, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs regulate gene expression and are crucial for immune cell function. This review highlights their essential role in dendritic cell development, maturation, and function, impacting disease understanding.

Keywords:
dendritic cellsimmune modulationmicroRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression.
  • Their role in T-cell and B-cell immunity is established.
  • Emerging research emphasizes miRNA involvement in dendritic cell (DC) development and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in miRNA and DC research.
  • To highlight the necessity of miRNAs in DC lineage commitment and subset development.
  • To discuss the impact of infections and tumors on miRNA expression and DC function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on miRNA and DC.
  • Analysis of miRNA's role in DC development from bone marrow progenitors.
  • Examination of miRNA's influence on DC subsets like plasmacytoid and conventional DCs.
  • Investigation into how external factors (infections, tumors) alter miRNA expression and DC activity.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs are essential for DC lineage commitment and the development of specific DC subsets.
  • miRNAs significantly influence DC maturation, antigen presentation, and cytokine release.
  • Infections and tumors can modulate miRNA expression, thereby affecting DC function.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding miRNA's role in DC function is critical for comprehending immune responses and disease pathogenesis.
  • miRNAs are key regulators of innate and adaptive immunity via their control of DC activity.
  • Further research into miRNA-DC interactions may reveal novel therapeutic targets for immune-related diseases.