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Gender differences in risk attitudes.

L Warshawsky-Livne, L Novack, A B Rosen

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    Men exhibit risk aversion, while women are risk-neutral, influencing healthcare decisions. These differing risk attitudes may explain gender disparities in health services utilization.

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    Area of Science:

    • Health Economics
    • Behavioral Economics
    • Decision Science

    Background:

    • Existing research highlights gender disparities in healthcare utilization and outcomes.
    • The influence of risk attitude on these disparities remains underexplored.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate gender differences in health utilities.
    • To examine gender variations in risk attitudes.

    Main Methods:

    • Collected data on 13 health states from 629 students using Time Trade-Off and Standard Gamble methods.
    • Calculated a risk attitude coefficient for each respondent based on health state utilities.
    • Compared risk coefficients between men and women using a t-statistic.

    Main Results:

    • A statistically significant difference in risk attitudes was observed between men and women.
    • Men displayed a concave utility function, indicating risk aversion.
    • Women exhibited a near-linear utility function, suggesting risk neutrality.

    Conclusions:

    • Gender-based differences in risk attitudes may significantly contribute to disparities in healthcare utilization.
    • Further research is warranted to fully understand the impact of risk attitude on healthcare decision-making.