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The relationship between nature connectedness and happiness: a meta-analysis
Colin A Capaldi1, Raelyne L Dopko1, John M Zelenski1
1Department of Psychology, Carleton University Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Frontiers in Psychology
|September 25, 2014
Summary
Feeling connected to nature is linked to greater happiness and well-being. This meta-analysis confirms that a stronger nature connection positively impacts mood, vitality, and life satisfaction.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Psychology
- Positive Psychology
- Personality Psychology
Background:
- Contact with nature offers psychological benefits, including improved mood and cognition.
- Subjective nature connectedness is a personality trait reflecting a deep connection with the natural environment.
- Nature connectedness predicts pro-environmental behaviors and may enhance subjective well-being.
Purpose of the Study:
- To meta-analytically examine the empirical relationship between nature connectedness and happiness.
- To quantify the effect size of nature connectedness on various indicators of happiness.
- To explore potential moderators of this relationship.
Main Methods:
- A fixed-effect meta-analysis was performed.
- Data were synthesized from 30 independent samples, totaling 8523 participants.
- Effect sizes were calculated for the association between nature connectedness and happiness.
Main Results:
- A small but statistically significant positive association was found between nature connectedness and happiness (r = 0.19).
- Higher nature connectedness correlated with increased positive affect, vitality, and life satisfaction.
- Inclusion of nature in self showed the strongest link to happiness (r = 0.27).
Conclusions:
- Closer relationships with nature are positively associated with happiness and well-being.
- Personality, specifically nature connectedness, plays a role in realizing the psychological benefits of nature.
- Fostering a connection with nature can contribute to a happier and more fulfilling life.
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