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Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Sequencing of Bacterial Microflora in Peripheral Blood: our Experience with HIV-infected Patients
Published on: June 11, 2011
Microbial translocation and T cell activation are not associated in chronic HIV-infected children
Lola Madrid1, Antoni Noguera-Julian, Lola Falcon-Neyra
1aUnidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunopatologias, Hospital Infantil Virgen del Rocio, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Sevilla bUnitat d'Infectologia, Servei de Pediatria, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona cCentre for International Health Research, Barcelona dUnidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Sevilla eServei d'Hematologia, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona fServicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Sevilla gServei de Laboratori Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Abstract:
A cross-sectional study of 77 chronic HIV-infected children revealed higher levels of biomarkers of inflammation (ultrasensitive C-reactive protein, D-dimer and β-2-microglobulin), immune activation (HLA-DR+ CD38+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells) and microbial translocation [lipopolysaccaride (LPS), microbial 16S rDNA and sCD14] than 32 healthy controls. Immune activation was higher in viremic children, but microbial translocation occurred independently of viraemia and T cell activation. Our results do not support a relevant role of microbial translocation in T cell activation in chronic HIV-infected children, proposing a need to develop strategies to minimize microbial translocation in the future.
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