[Transdisciplinary approach for sarcopenia. Sarcopenic Dysphagia].

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Clinical Nutrition
• Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

• Sarcopenic dysphagia is swallowing difficulty caused by generalized and swallowing muscle sarcopenia.
• Presbyphagia, age-related swallowing changes, differs from dysphagia, often caused by stroke.
• Frail elderly with aspiration pneumonia may develop sarcopenic dysphagia due to multi-factorial sarcopenia.

Purpose of the Study:

• To define sarcopenic dysphagia and its management.
• To highlight the role of rehabilitation nutrition in treating sarcopenic dysphagia.
• To outline therapeutic strategies for different types of sarcopenia contributing to dysphagia.

Main Methods:

• Consensus diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic dysphagia were established.
• The concept of rehabilitation nutrition was proposed as a treatment approach.
• Therapeutic interventions for dysphagia rehabilitation, nutrition improvement, and sarcopenia treatment were reviewed.

Main Results:

• Sarcopenic dysphagia requires a multi-faceted approach including dysphagia rehabilitation, nutrition improvement, and sarcopenia treatment.
• Dysphagia rehabilitation involves oral care, techniques, and food modification.
• Nutrition improvement is crucial to combat malnutrition and secondary sarcopenia.

Conclusions:

• Rehabilitation nutrition is effective for sarcopenic dysphagia management.
• Treatment strategies must address the underlying causes of sarcopenia (age, activity, disease, nutrition).
• Specific interventions include resistance training, amino acid supplements, early mobilization, and tailored nutrition plans.