[Invasive orbital aspergillosis: Rare but important differential diagnosis in the case of immunosuppression]

Invasive aspergillosis originating from the paranasal sinuses is a rare disease that is associated with high mortality rates. We report on a 77-year-old patient with myelodysplastic syndrome and progressive left-sided proptosis persisting for 5 days. Antibiotic therapy and endonasal orbital decompression yielded insufficient improvement. Only upon application of complementary antifungal therapy was remission observed. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are essential in order to prevent life-threatening complications.