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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

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Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
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Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

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Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
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Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

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Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
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Pregnancy after kidney transplantation: global insights based on registry data from three continents.

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Response to Letter by Li and You in reference to "Prevalence of major malformations and small for gestational age in newborns of female transplant recipients on tacrolimus-containing regimens during pregnancy".

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Unintended Pregnancy After Kidney Transplantation: Risk Factors and Associated Obstetric and Allograft Outcomes.

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Pregnancy After Solid Organ Transplantation: Review of the Evidence and Recommendations.

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Prevalence of major malformations and small for gestational age in newborns of female transplant recipients on tacrolimus-containing regimens during pregnancy.

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Pregnancy Outcomes Using Assisted Reproductive Technology in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 23, 2026

Mammary Epithelial Transplant Procedure
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Breast-feeding after transplantation.

Serban Constantinescu1, Akshta Pai1, Lisa A Coscia2

  • 1Temple University School of Medicine, Kresge West, 3440 N. Broad St., Suite 100, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
|October 2, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Female transplant recipients can often breast-feed safely. While immunosuppression requires caution, studies show minimal infant risk from medications like prednisone, azathioprine, cyclosporine, and tacrolimus.

Keywords:
breast milkbreast-feedingimmunosuppressionlactationtransplant

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Area of Science:

  • Transplant medicine
  • Pediatric pharmacology
  • Reproductive health

Background:

  • Female transplant recipients face unique challenges regarding pregnancy and breastfeeding while on immunosuppressive therapy.
  • Historically, breastfeeding has been discouraged due to potential infant risks from immunosuppressive medications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing literature on breastfeeding outcomes in women taking immunosuppressive medications post-transplant.
  • To evaluate the safety and risks associated with infant exposure to transplant medications via breast milk.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of case and series reports.
  • Analysis of studies examining infant outcomes in relation to maternal immunosuppressive drug exposure during breastfeeding.

Main Results:

  • Exposure to certain immunosuppressants (prednisone, azathioprine, cyclosporine, tacrolimus) via breast milk has not shown lingering adverse effects in infants to date.
  • In utero exposure to these medications is generally greater than exposure via breast milk.
  • Data for mycophenolic acid products, sirolimus, everolimus, and belatacept remain insufficient.

Conclusions:

  • Breastfeeding recommendations for transplant recipients are evolving towards cautious optimism for specific medications.
  • Careful consideration of medication type and available clinical data is crucial for individualized breastfeeding advice.