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Malocclusion in individuals with mental subnormality--a review
Dinesh Rao1, Sapna Hegde, Smitha Naik
1Pacific Dental College & Hospital, Pacific University, Udaipur-313024, Rajasthan, India; Tel: +91-9414158235; Fax: +91-2942491508;
Oral Health and Dental Management
|October 7, 2014
Summary
Individuals with mental disabilities often have malocclusion, impacting oral function and social acceptance. Further research is needed to understand and address the higher prevalence of these occlusal anomalies.
Area of Science:
- Dental Science
- Public Health
- Genetics
Background:
- Malocclusion presents aesthetic and functional challenges for individuals with mental disabilities, affecting social integration.
- Down syndrome is a common condition associated with increased prevalence of malocclusion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the prevalence of malocclusion in individuals with mental subnormality from 1981 to 2013.
- To identify common types of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs in this population.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of studies published between 1981 and 2013.
- Analysis of malocclusion prevalence using Angle's classification, Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), and Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN).
Main Results:
- Studies report a higher prevalence of malocclusion, including anterior open bite and anterior crossbite, in individuals with mental disabilities, particularly those with Down syndrome.
- Varied findings are attributed to factors like musculoskeletal abnormalities and altered cranial-base relationships.
- Difficulty in comparing studies due to diverse measurement methods and criteria standardization.
Conclusions:
- Malocclusion is significantly more prevalent in individuals with mental subnormality.
- Further research is crucial to elucidate the complex etiologies and identify preventable factors for malocclusion in this population.
- Addressing malocclusion can improve oral function and social acceptance for individuals with mental disabilities.
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