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Thyroid cancer mortality and incidence: a global overview
Carlo La Vecchia1, Matteo Malvezzi, Cristina Bosetti
1Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
International Journal of Cancer
|October 7, 2014
Summary
Global thyroid cancer incidence is rising, but mortality rates are declining worldwide. This trend is observed in both men and women, with variations in specific countries and timeframes. Increased detection likely explains the incidence rise.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Oncology
- Public Health
Background:
- Thyroid cancer incidence has risen globally in recent decades.
- Thyroid cancer mortality has shown a general decline worldwide.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze global trends in thyroid cancer incidence and mortality.
- To identify geographical and temporal variations in these trends.
Main Methods:
- Utilized World Health Organization mortality data (1970-2012).
- Employed Cancer Incidence in Five Continents data (1960-2007).
- Analyzed age-standardized mortality rates and incidence trends.
Main Results:
- Male thyroid cancer mortality declined by approximately -2% to -3% annually in most countries.
- Female thyroid cancer mortality also declined, with exceptions in the UK, US, and Australia.
- Thyroid cancer incidence, particularly papillary carcinomas, increased globally in both sexes.
- Highest mortality rates in 2008-2012 were observed in Latvia, Hungary, Moldova, Israel, Ecuador, and Colombia.
Conclusions:
- Declining thyroid cancer mortality is attributed to risk factor changes and improved diagnosis/treatment.
- Increasing incidence is likely due to enhanced detection of thyroid neoplasms.
- Continued monitoring of global thyroid cancer trends is essential.
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