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FFLO superfluids in 2D spin-orbit coupled Fermi gases
Zhen Zheng1, Ming Gong2, Yichao Zhang1
11] Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China [2] Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, USTC, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
Scientific Reports
|October 8, 2014
Summary
We discovered that combining spin-orbit coupling and in-plane Zeeman fields in Fermi gases creates larger, more stable Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phases compared to spin-imbalanced gases.
Area of Science:
- Condensed matter physics
- Quantum gases
Background:
- Superfluidity in Fermi gases is sensitive to external fields and interactions.
- Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phases represent exotic superconducting states with finite momentum pairing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the formation and stability of FFLO phases in a two-dimensional degenerate Fermi gas.
- To explore the effects of spin-orbit coupling and in-plane Zeeman fields on FFLO phase stability.
- To determine the phase diagram of FFLO superfluids in the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) to Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) crossover region.
Main Methods:
- Theoretical analysis of a two-dimensional degenerate Fermi gas.
- Inclusion of spin-orbit coupling and in-plane Zeeman fields.
- Calculation of the energy difference between FFLO and Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) excited states.
- Mapping the phase diagram in the BCS-BEC crossover region.
Main Results:
- A larger parameter region for FFLO phases is achieved compared to spin-imbalanced Fermi gases.
- FFLO superfluids exhibit enhanced stability due to a larger energy gap.
- The symmetry of the Fermi surface is identified as crucial for finite momentum pairing.
- The phase diagram for FFLO superfluids is mapped across the BCS-BEC crossover.
Conclusions:
- Spin-orbit coupling and in-plane Zeeman fields provide a promising route to realize and stabilize FFLO superfluids.
- Understanding Fermi surface symmetry is key to controlling exotic pairing states.
- The findings pave the way for experimental observation of FFLO phases in tailored Fermi gas systems.
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