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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

26.0K
Overview
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Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
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Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis01:20

Desensitization and Tachyphylaxis

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Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
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Upper Respiratory Drugs: First and Second-Generation Antihistamines01:15

Upper Respiratory Drugs: First and Second-Generation Antihistamines

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Antihistamines are a class of drugs widely used to alleviate the symptoms of allergies, such as sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion. They work by inhibiting the actions of histamine, which is released by immune cells in response to allergenic substances or tissue injuries.
Histamine binds to specific receptor sites, known as H1 receptors, on tissue cells, triggering inflammation and swelling. Antihistamines combat these effects by competing with histamine for these receptor sites. By...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
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Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

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Desensitization treatment for hay fever.

T A Platts-Mills1

  • 1Division of Immunological Medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow, Middlesex HA1 3UJ, U.K.

Immunology Today
|October 8, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Desensitization treatment for hay fever has a long history and evolving theories on its effectiveness. Recent pharmacological advances are enhancing its usefulness for allergic rhinitis.

Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hay fever, also known as allergic rhinitis, is a common condition.
  • Desensitization therapy has been used for decades to manage hay fever symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical development of desensitization treatment for hay fever.
  • To explore current theories regarding the mechanisms of desensitization.
  • To assess the utility of desensitization in light of recent pharmacological progress.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of historical and recent studies on desensitization therapy.
  • Analysis of theoretical models explaining desensitization efficacy.
  • Evaluation of clinical evidence and pharmacological advancements.

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A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma
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Main Results:

  • The review traces the evolution of desensitization from early concepts to modern applications.
  • Various theories, including immune modulation and tolerance induction, are discussed.
  • Recent pharmacological developments offer new possibilities for improving treatment outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Desensitization remains a valuable treatment option for hay fever.
  • Understanding its mechanisms and integrating new pharmacological tools can optimize its effectiveness.
  • Further research is warranted to fully leverage recent advances in desensitization therapy.