Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Support Reactions in Three Dimensions01:27

Support Reactions in Three Dimensions

1.8K
Support reactions in three dimensions help maintain the stability and equilibrium of various structures and systems. These reactions prevent the system from translating and rotating, ensuring the design can withstand external forces and perform its intended function efficiently and safely. Some of the supports providing support reactions in three dimensions are discussed below:
Ball and Socket Joint is one of the supports allowing free rotation about any axis. This freedom of rotation is...
1.8K
Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

3.4K
The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
3.4K
Support Reactions01:30

Support Reactions

1.9K
A coplanar force system refers to a set of forces that all lie in the same plane and are subject to different reactions between the point of contact and the supports. Understanding how different types of supports affect coplanar forces is crucial for designing safe and reliable structures that can withstand external loads.
The purpose of the supports is to prevent the translational motion of the system by applying an equal and opposite force and to prevent the system's rotation by applying...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

What are the experiences of families whose child uses a robotic walker in their home environment? A qualitative study.

Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology·2026
Same author

Young children expect and approve of teachers' gender stereotypes about academic interest.

Communications psychology·2026
Same author

Implementation strategies for early hand therapy for young children with cerebral palsy.

Developmental medicine and child neurology·2026
Same author

Children Understand How Adults' Achievement Goals Drive Actions.

Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science·2026
Same author

We need to understand economic inequality from children's perspectives.

Communications psychology·2026
Same author

Compounding Crises: Collective Community Action for Hope and Resilience during Turbulent Times - Key Insights from the International Refugee and Migration Health Pre-Conference Workshop.

Journal of immigrant and minority health·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Postural Organization of Gait Initiation for Biomechanical Analysis Using Force Platform Recordings
06:21

Postural Organization of Gait Initiation for Biomechanical Analysis Using Force Platform Recordings

Published on: July 26, 2022

2.3K

Postural adjustments to support surface perturbations during reaching depend upon body-target reference frame.

Alicia J Hilderley1, Julia A Leonard, Andrea Green

  • 1Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Experimental Brain Research
|October 9, 2014
PubMed
Summary

Postural adjustments during reaching movements are influenced by target location. When a target moves with the body, lower-limb muscle activity is modulated differently compared to a fixed target during support surface perturbations.

More Related Videos

Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication
14:52

Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication

Published on: December 11, 2013

11.2K
Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control
08:12

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control

Published on: September 11, 2019

9.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 22, 2026

Postural Organization of Gait Initiation for Biomechanical Analysis Using Force Platform Recordings
06:21

Postural Organization of Gait Initiation for Biomechanical Analysis Using Force Platform Recordings

Published on: July 26, 2022

2.3K
Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication
14:52

Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication

Published on: December 11, 2013

11.2K
Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control
08:12

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control

Published on: September 11, 2019

9.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Reaching movements involve complex coordination of limb and postural systems.
  • Unexpected support surface displacements challenge balance and require anticipatory postural adjustments.
  • The role of target-relative-to-body position in modulating these adjustments is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how target position relative to the body affects postural adjustments during perturbed reaching.
  • To compare muscle activity in lower limbs when reaching to exocentric (world-fixed) versus egocentric (body-fixed) targets during support surface perturbations.

Main Methods:

  • Eleven healthy participants performed reaching movements while standing on a movable platform.
  • Unexpected horizontal perturbations were applied to the support surface during reaching trials.
  • Kinematics and muscle activity (tibialis anterior, soleus) were recorded for exocentric and egocentric target conditions.

Main Results:

  • Normalized tibialis anterior activity was lower during perturbed reaching (RP) compared to perturbations alone (P).
  • Long-latency tibialis anterior activity was reduced for egocentric (RP/E) versus exocentric (RP/X) targets during the arm deceleration phase.
  • Soleus muscle activity was lowest in the egocentric condition during arm deceleration.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between the target and the body significantly influences lower-limb muscle activity during perturbed reaching.
  • Egocentric targets, moving with the body, necessitate distinct muscle activity regulation compared to exocentric targets.
  • These findings highlight the importance of target-relative-to-body information in motor planning and postural control.