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Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
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Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

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DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
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Autonomic Nervous System: Overview01:26

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The human nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS contains nerve cells, clusters of nerve cells, and the sensory receptors that are outside the CNS. The PNS has two types of nerve cells: sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent). Sensory cells send signals to the CNS from receptors, and motor cells carry signals from the CNS to organs, muscles, and...
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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Autonomic Nervous System01:22

Autonomic Nervous System

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a critical component of the peripheral nervous system, primarily responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. It functions in tandem with the central nervous system (CNS) to seamlessly coordinate various physiological processes without the need for conscious control.
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Updated: Apr 22, 2026

A Simple Approach to Induce Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis in C57BL/6 Mice for Functional and Neuropathological Assessments
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Autonomic neuropathies.

Valeria Iodice, Paola Sandroni

    Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.)
    |October 10, 2014
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Autonomic neuropathies are common and impact quality of life. Prompt recognition and treatment, including specific therapies and supportive care, are crucial for managing these disorders.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Autonomic Nervous System Disorders

    Background:

    • Autonomic neuropathies encompass prevalent forms and dysfunctional syndromes.
    • Secondary causes like diabetes mellitus and amyloidosis are more common than primary autoimmune forms.

    Observation:

    • Autoimmune ganglioneuropathies are a significant component of primary autonomic neuropathies.
    • Diagnostic tools including autonomic testing, antibody testing, and skin biopsies are increasingly accessible.

    Findings:

    • Secondary autonomic neuropathies are more frequent than primary forms.
    • The evolving spectrum of primary autonomic neuropathies has significant diagnostic and therapeutic implications.

    Implications:

    • Prompt recognition and aggressive treatment of autonomic neuropathies are vital due to prognostic and quality-of-life impacts.
    • Accurate diagnosis is essential, as other conditions can mimic autonomic neuropathies.
    • While symptomatic treatment is common, specific therapies exist for select autonomic neuropathies.