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Chromatography is a technique used to separate compounds based on differences of partitioning between two phases, the stationary phase and the mobile phase.
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Automated Counterflow Centrifugal System for Small-Scale Cell Processing
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Counter-current motion in counter-current chromatography.

Yoichiro Ito1

  • 1Laboratory of Bioseparation Technology, Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center drive, Bldg. 10, Rm. 8N230, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Journal of Chromatography. A
|October 11, 2014
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The term "Countercurrent Chromatography" is appropriate despite claims it is a misnomer. This separation technique exhibits true countercurrent motion, justifying its name.

Keywords:
Centrifugal separationsCountercurrentCountercurrent chromatographyLiquid–liquid separationsStationary phaseTerminology

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Area of Science:

  • Chemistry
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • A debate exists regarding the terminology of Countercurrent Chromatography (CCC).
  • Some argue CCC is a misnomer as its stationary phase is motionless.
  • Alternative names like "liquid-liquid separations" or "centrifugal separations" are already in use for other techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the controversy surrounding the term "Countercurrent Chromatography".
  • To investigate the presence of countercurrent motion within the CCC separation column.
  • To justify the continued use of the established term.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the fundamental principles of Countercurrent Chromatography.
  • Examination of CCC in both hydrodynamic and hydrostatic equilibrium systems.
  • Literature and online search to verify existing terminology for alternative names.

Main Results:

  • Countercurrent Chromatography, despite its name's origin, demonstrably exhibits countercurrent motion.
  • This motion occurs within the separation column under various equilibrium conditions.
  • Proposed alternative names are already established for distinct separation methods.

Conclusions:

  • The term "Countercurrent Chromatography" accurately reflects the method's operational dynamics.
  • The technique's inherent countercurrent motion validates its established nomenclature.
  • Renaming CCC would lead to confusion with existing separation techniques.