Oxidative status in different settings and with different methodological approaches compared by Receiver Operating...

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Clinical Chemistry
• Biomarkers

Background:

• Redox status is crucial in various physiological and pathological conditions.
• Assessing oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity is vital for understanding disease mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the performance of different analytical methods in detecting deregulated redox status.
• To compare the efficacy of Total Malondialdehyde (T-MDA), Free Malondialdehyde (F-MDA), Reactive Oxygen Metabolites (d-ROMs), and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) assays.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of data from smokers, chronic renal failure patients, kidney transplant recipients, and healthy controls.
• Quantification of oxidative stress and antioxidant status using spectrophotometric and isotope-dilution-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry methods.
• Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses and area under the ROC curve (AUC) to determine sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off points.

Main Results:

• T-MDA demonstrated 100% sensitivity and specificity with an AUC of 1.00, indicating it as a superior marker for oxidative stress.
• d-ROMs (AUC 0.87) and F-MDA (AUC 0.82) showed good accuracy in detecting altered redox status.
• TAC assays exhibited lower performance (AUC 0.66) in identifying impaired antioxidant defense.

Conclusions:

• T-MDA is identified as the most reliable marker for detecting oxidative stress.
• d-ROMs can effectively identify modified oxidative status, especially in cases of significant damage.
• While d-ROMs and TAC may be useful for routine screening, validation against gold standard methods is necessary for accurate clinical interpretation.